graham



(N9 Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 1.

J.- s. GRAHAM. PLANING MACHINE. No. 508,516. Patented Nov. 14, 1893.

\\;\\`\;\\\\\\m\\\\\\\\\ A r UNTED STATES ,PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES S. GRAHAM, OF ROCHESTER, NEV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO TI-IE'JAMES S.GRAHAM dr COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PLANI N G- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 508,516,dated November 14, 1893.

Appncanqn inea May-15,1889. -sel-1h No. 310,845- (No model.)

-To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, JAMES S. GRAHAM, a citizen of the United States,residing at Rochester, 1n the countyof Monroe, in the State of New York,have invented certain Improvements in Planing-Machines, of which thefollowlng is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings.

My invention,Y relates to certain improvements in planingv machines,which improvements are fully described and illustrated in the followingspecification and accompanying drawings, and the novel features thereofspecified in the claims annexed to the said specification.

My improvements in the planing machines are represented inthe'accompanying-drawings, in whichf Figure l is a side elevation,-aportion of the frame nearest'the observer being broken away to show thelifting mechanism. Fig. 2 1s a plan View of one of the side or matchingcutter-heads, showing the adjustable chipbreaker.v Fig. 3 s a section online :r 0c, Fig.

5 is a.horizontallongitudinal section through' the dlvided roll on'thelline ealig. 4. Fig. 6Y- 1s a transverse section of vthe dividedfeed rolln 1, showing the parts below that line. Fig. 4 is a transversesection of the machine showmg the divided roll and its attachments. Fig.

on the line y y, Fign. Fig. 7 is a section on the line wQFig. 1.' Fig. 8is a" section on the line y yf,'jFi'g. 1.- Y In the accompanyingdrawings 'representing my improvements in planing machines,"A A are theside frames of the machine, B B the divided feed-roll, C the stationaryor lower feed roll, D D the second-,set of feed rolls, E the main cutterhead and F one ofthe matching or side cutters. The'side-frames areconnected together in any usual way and the cutters and feeding rollsare driven from the main shaft of th'eLmachine in any usual or preferredmanner. The -feed'rolls are provided with the usual expansion gearing,by which provision is made for driving the upper rolls while feedinglumber of different thicknesses through the machine.

Referring to the construction of the divided" feed rollsi-nmy improvedplaning machine, the lower or stationary roll O is supported on a shaftrevolving in suitable boxes on the frame of the machine, and driven inany ordinary way. The upper or divided feed roll B Bf is drivenfrom thelower one by expansion gearing. The divided rolls are connected togetherby the shaft X, Figs. 4 and 5, which permits the rolls to riseindependently of each other, so as to adapt the machine to feedingsimultaneously two boards of different thicknesses, G G', Fig. 4, asindicated in the drawings. The feed rollB is provided with a shaft Upassing through the box t'.

On the opposite side of the machine, the feed roll B' is provided with ashaft U' revolvingin the box i. The box i is connected l With a journalor bearing l, Fig. 5, at the inner end of the roll B by means of theconnection W which, in this case is represented as a sleeve surroundingthe shaft V, which connects the frame work of one of the rolls B, with acorresponding frame work for the other roll B. The box t' and thejournall and the connecting parts are free to turn about the shaft V, sothat the roll B can rise or fall independently of the roll B. In asimilar manner the box i and journal l of the roll B are connectedtogether by the arm Je and sleeve W in such a manner that the roll B canrisev and fall by swinging about lother roll.- The ends of the shaftVare supportedin-arms RR connected with the sliding brackets Rk Rf whichare arranged to move up and down onthe standardsP P at- -tached to theside frame of the machine. .The brackets R R are gibbed or otherwiseattached to projectingV flanges on the standards P P. The` brackets RR', by means of the screws O O', adapt the rolls for any desiredthickness of lumber. The rolls are `caused to pressen the lumber, bysuitable Iconnections with the weighted lever H, Fig. ;1,whichconnections are hereinafterdescribed. yThe ends of the shaft V aresecured in the arms Rf R by suitable devices. Thesleeves W W may becastin one piece with the boxes it", or they may be attached to armssecured to the boxes. At their inner ends, the sleeves or connectingbars W W are fastenedto the arms 7g; k', which support the journals Z Zat the inner ends of the divided rolls. As in- .8o the shaft V as anaxis independently of the vIOO dicated in the drawings, the journals Z Zare cylindrical in form and fitted to the interior of the inner ends ofthe divided rolls B B', but itis obvious that the rolls might besupported by journals of anyother preferred form. Thus the journals ZZ'might encircle the ends of the rolls. The connecting shaft X, by whichthe roll B' is driven from the roll B, is provided on each end with auniversal joint which permits the rollsto move independently of eachother.

In the construction shown in the drawings, the shaft X is provided withthe heads jj', having two or more radial arms which tit intocorresponding recesses formed in the interior of the rolls B B asindicated in Fig. 6. The shafts and heads jj may be forged in one piece,or the heads may be formed separately and attached to the shaft. Whenthe journals l Z' are placed inside the feed rolls, they should behollow or provided with an opening sufliciently large to permit theinsertion of the headsjj' through them. The boxesz' t" are provided withhooks or lugs h h' to which the upper ends of the rods T T, Figs. 4 and5, are attached. The lower ends of the rods T T are connected togetherby the cross-bar M; the outer ends of the bar M are attached to thelower ends of the screws L L which pass through the swivel nuts o o',which are forced downward, either directly or indirectly, by theweighted lever I-I H'.

In the construction shown in the drawings, the pressure of the weightson the levers H H' is transmitted through the stirrup I to theequalizing bar J', Fig. 1, which bears at one end on the lever K'carrying the swivel nut o, and at the other end is connected with themechanism for holding down the feed roll D. The lever K' is pivoted on astud a inserted in the side frame of the machine. The lever K' is madein two parts, fastened together so as to permit the insertion of theswivel nuto between them. The trunnions r r' of the nuts fit openings inthe two parts of the lever as indicated most clearly in Fig. 8. Thebrackets R R' are provided with the arms f f through which the upperadjusting screws O O pass. Provision is made for causing the adjustingscrews O O' to revolve simultaneously by means of the bevel gears b b'and the horizontal connecting shaft E', Fig. 4. The brackets R R areconnected together by the arms ff and sleeve or connecting bar S, Fig.4.

In the construction shown inthe drawings, the shaft E passes through thesleeve S. Below the arms ff' the screws O O are provided with collars.The screws O O' pass through Stationary nuts c e' fixed either direct tothe frame of the machine or supported thereon by means of the arms d d'.By turning the shaft E', by means of a suitable handle or crank thescrews O O', by means of the bevel gears b b' are caused to revolvesimultaneously, thus raising or lowering the divided rolls B B to adaptthe machine to different thicknesses of lumber. At their lower ends thescrews O O' are connected with the screws L L by means which cause theupper and lower screws to revolve simultaneously while permitting themto shift lengthwise relatively to each other. Any suitable device may beused for this purpose. In the construction shown in the drawings, theupper ends of the screws L L are squared and fitted to the interor ofthe sleeves N N' which are pinned or otherwise secured to the lower endsof the screws O O', so that they are caused to revolve therewith. Theupper ends of the screws L L' slide iu the sleeves N N. Vhen the roll Brises, it lifts the rod T and also the screw Various means may beemployed for cause ing the rod T to exert a direct upward force on thescrew L. Thus guides may be attached to the side frame for this purpose,but I prefer to use the cross bar M represented in Fig. 4, to which thelower ends of the rods T T' are secured bythe nutsgg', or other suitabledevices. The holes in the cross bar through which the rods T T and thescrews L L' pass, are made sufciently large to permit one end of thecross bar to rise independently of the other, as indicatedin Fig. 4.When the roll B rises it is maintained in a position parallel to thelower roll C or the bed of the machine by the connections between thebox t' and the journal Z, which connections must be made strong enoughto stand the requisite strain and to transmit, while swinging about the'IIO shaft V, the downward pull of the rod T on the box` 'L' to thejournal l.

In order to reduce the friction and wear between lever II and equalizingbar J', I employ a stirrup I, Fig. 7, the two arms of which embrace thebar J and rest on the trunnions pressing forward on the sides of the'Dar-J. Provision is made for holding down the feed roll D by means ofthe adjusting screw q, nntp, and connections n attached to the arms fmma', connected together by the rock-shaft Y. The screws q q pass throughthe boxes which support the ends of the shaft of the roll D. The screwsq are caused to revolve simultaneously by means of the bevel gear Cconnected together by a horizontal shaft. At their upper ends theconnections n n are provided with nuts p through which the screws qpass; at the lower ends the connections n n are pivoted to the arms mm', which are rigidly secured to the rock shaft Y, journaled in suitablebearings in the side frames of the machine. The free ends of the arms mare held downward by engagement with the ends of the bar J'; The weightmay however, in certain, forms of construction be applied directly tothe arms m m',which would be extended outward for this purpose.

The object of the construction described including the rock shaft Y, isto keep the roll D parallel with the bed of the machine during its upan'd down-movements, and also to permit of its adjustment relative tothe lower roll D', to adapt the machine to plane different thicknessesof lumber. Suitable stops are provided to limit the downward movement ofthe roll D and to sustain itin the position to which it is adjusted.Such stops may bev attached to the frame of the machine underneath thearms m m', but I prefer to attach the stops to the connections/nn' asindicated lat d" in Fig. 1,-these stops d" resting upon the frame of themachine at all times, except when the roll D is riaised by the lumberpassing under it. By placing the stop d" on` the connections n', Iprovide for automatically taking up any lost motion in any of the jointsin the train of mechanism which transmits the force of the weight on thelever H to feed roll D. The journal boxes s of the feed roll D aresupported by suitable standards Q, Fig. 1. An endless bed feedmechanismvmay be substituted for the lower rolls C' D', or either ofthese rolls, in my improved planing machine. In the case of thesubstitution of an endless bed or an adjustable .lower roll, such asused in pony planers for the lower feed roll C, the supporting shaft Vwould be connected at its ends directly to the side frames of themachine.

In order to increase the durability of the chip-breaker used in,connection with the matching or side cutter F, I employ the adjustableplate w, Fig. 2.- 'lhe arm u of the chip breaker is pivoted at z', tothe bracket C', which supports the cutter of the matching spindle. Thearm is pressed against the lumber by the spring v The wearing plate w isgiven a suitable curved form, as represented in the drawings, and it isattached to the i'iange y on the free end of the arm u `by means of abolt as, having a hemispherical head fitting a recess of correspondingshape in the wearing-plate.

z is an adjustingV screw by which the outerv face of thewearing-platemay be advanced to its proper position as fast as it wearsaway. The roundedshape of the head of the bolt permits of the adjustmentof the wearing plate without .twisting it out of shape, or bending thebolt I claiml. The combination with the divided feedrolls of aplaning-machine, of the driving shaft X, located within the open endedrolls and connected thereto at its ends by universal joints, whereby oneof the divided rolls is driven from the other while they are permittedto rise and fall independently of each other substantially as described.

2. The combination in a planing machine, of the divided rolls B B',supportingshaft V, connections, W W', boxes t' il', arms lc 7c',journalsl Z', and driving shaft X, whereby one of the divided rolls isdriven from the other, substantially as described.

3. The combination with the divided feed rolls of a planing machine, ofthe driving shaft X, provided with heads jj', constituting universaljoints at. each end of the driving shaft, whereby one of the dividedrolls is driven from the other, while they are permitted to rise andfallindependently of each othersubstantially as described.

4. Thecombination, in a planing machine, of the divided rolls, B B', supportingshaft V, connections W W', boxes t' i', arms k la', journals Zl', and the sliding brackets R R', sustaining the ends of the shaft V,substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a planing machine, of -the divided rolls, B B',supporting shaft V, sliding brackets R R', for sustaining the ends ofthe shaft, and suitablel connecting mechan` ism between the supportingshaft and the divided rolls, whereby the rolls are allowed to adjustthemselves independently of each other while their parallelism ismaintained, substantially as described.

6. The combination in a planing machine with the divided rolls B B'adapted to rise and fall independently while revolving, of

the brackets R R', the adjusting screws O O',

and fixed nuts e e' attached to the frame of the machine, substantiallyas described.

7. The combination, in a planing machine, of the divided rolls B B',adapted to rise and fall independently of each other while revolving,adjusting screws O O', fixed nuts e e', attached to the frame of themachine, supporting shaft V, sliding brackets R R' and mechanism forsustaining the rolls and connecting them with the shaft V, substantiallyas described.

8. The combination with the divided rolls of a planing machine, of theadjusting screws O O', fixed nuts e e', screws L L', and sleeves N N',whereby the screws are caused to revolve together while permitted tomove endwise, substantially as described.

9. The combinationl with the upper feeding roll of va planing machine,of the adjusting screws `O O', Iixed nuts e e', screws L L', sleeves NN', whereby the screws are caused to revolve together while permitted tomove endwise, weighted levers H and mechanism for connecting the leverwith the lower screwsl L L' substantially as described.

l0. The combination in a planing machine,

of the divided rolls B B', boxes f fi', rods T T',

cross-bar M connecting the lower ends of the rods screws L L' bearing onthe cross-bar at their lower ends, and the weighted levers H, H',substantially as described.

1l. The combination in a planing machine, of the divided rolls B B',boxes i i', adjusting screws O O', fixed nuts e e', screws L L', sleevesN N' and rods T T', attached to the boxes t' i', at their upper ends andconnected to the lower screws L L' at their lower ends, substantially asdescribed.

12. The combination with the movable feedroll D, of the adjusting screwsq, connections n', providedwith nuts p at their upper ends and pivotedat their lower ends to the arms m' on the rock shaft, substantially asdescribed. a

13. The combination, with the movable feedroll D, of the adj ustingscrews q, connections n', provided with nuts p at their upper ends JAMESS. GRAHAM.

Witnesses:

C. G. CRANNELL, F. MERRIAM.

